Louis became tycoons in a matter of years. Lager was popular, and the early brewers of St. They brought with them a great sense of gemütlichkeit or good cheer and camaraderie that relied in part on beer. Germans began to flock to the city, particularly after a German man became an impassioned “Missouri promoter” and preached the founding of a “New Germany” there in his report Eine Reise zu den westlichen Staaten von Nordamerika in 1833. The early brewers were harbingers of the future population’s appetite–or thirst–for beer. The nearby Mississippi was also an asset to the nascent beer industry for both its abundance of water and its transportation potential. If brewers wanted to make them colder, they could stack ice in them as many were outfitted with drainage systems for runoff. These limestone caves maintained a year round temperature of about 55☏, perfect for lager fermentation. Around the same time, McHose & English bought and renovated a cave that became known as English Cave in 1842. His brewery opened in the early 1840s and is supposedly the first one to produce cave-aged lager in the city. Louis’s first brewery began making beer in 1809, lager had to wait for Johann Adam Lemp to move to the city in the late 1830s. Today, these bottom-fermenting, cold-loving yeast are the defining ingredient of lager and are typically Saccharomyces pastorianus. Over hundreds of years of selective brewing practices, brewers isolated and reused yeast that settled to the bottom of the beer. The cold temperatures made for a long, slow fermentation, from which the beer received the name lager, after the German term for ‘storage’. Louis caught the attention of some of the earliest German settlers in part due to their natural endowment of caves and caverns.īack in Germany, brewers had been digging cellars and using natural caves to ferment beer at colder temperatures since the early modern period. They hoped to find a new home and build a new community on the American frontier.Īs German immigrants settled down, they brought with them a culture of brewing. These Germans were fleeing religious persecution, and after 1848, violent revolution. When German settlers crossed the same land in the 1800s, they found equal importance in the cavernous holes that pockmarked the frontier landscape of the early state. At least one Cahokian shrine stood over a large sinkhole on one kerst plain. Watery holes like there were portals to another world. These indigenous settlers attributed spiritual importance to water and Cahokians likely held the subterranean springs trickling within the caves of Missouri in great reverence. The location took advantage of the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers. Louis, the porous kerst fields of this region were home to the expansive culture of Mississipians who built the large city of Cahokia on the same land where St. Hundreds of years before the founding of St. Thanks to this process, the state of Missouri is home to somewhere between 6,200 and 7,500 caves today. Eventually, underwater rivers would flow through these fissures enlarging them into caves. Buried by subsequent epochs, the limestone was subjected to the appetite of acid rain as it seeped through the ground and carved out subterranean holes. As the waters receded over millions of years, debris from generations of plants and animals fell to the seabed and slowly compressed into limestone. Around 350 million years ago, shallow, warm-water seas covered much of what is now the central United States.
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